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Design Tips

Typical Overbend Amounts

Here are some typical materials and degrees of overbend we begin our design with:
Cold Rolled Steel/ Soft Materials Rb 45-65 1 degree
Annealed Spring Steel Rb 65-80 3 degrees
Medium Temper ½ Hard Stainless Rc 30-35 5-7 degrees
Hard Temper Full Hard Stainless Rc 40-45 10 degrees

Springback and Large Radii II

m-springback-large-r-ii

  • Material ½ Hard Stainless Wire
  • Original Design
    • Tooling could not overform enough to close part to grip on 1.14 D mating part.
    • Area of concern was the large radii between dimples
  • Modified Design
    • Replaced large radii with a series of flats
  • Over 10 million pieces produced

Springback and Large Radii

m-springback-large-r-i-1

  • Material is an Alloy C17200 Beryllium Copper
    • RB 88-96
  • After 4 different tool designs the smallest the .31R can be formed to is .40
  • Proposed new design – did not fulfill functional requirements
  • Part is never put into production

Minimum Inside Bend Radii

gpd-min-bend-r

For Bends Perpendicular to the Grain Direction Ratio R/t

  • Soft Material, Copper Annealed, CRS .5 to 1.5
  • Medium Hard, Annealed Spring Steel 1.5 to 2
  • Tempered Material, ¾ hard Stainless >2.5
For Bends Parallel to the Grain Direction

  • Consult Material Supplier’s Guidelines

Material the 10:1 Rule

A ratio of material width to thickness of less than 10:1 presents additional challenges.

  • Material may exhibit dish. Dish is crown across the width of the material.
  • Reduces the number of potential suppliers because it is considered a difficult slit. Increases cost and decreases availability.
  • When this situation cannot be avoided evaluate the cost and suitability of using flat wire.

Part End Designs

gpd-end-designs

Hole Alignment

When two holes must be coaxial consider making one larger, or oblong.

  • This is necessary due to variations in material elongation and machine feed length.
  • As the number of bends between the holes increases so does the potential for variation.

Ribs and Gussets

drg-ribs

  • Material .024 thk C1050 annealed spring steel. Austempered to Rc 40-46
  • Original design did not have gusset at 88º angle or rib along length.
  • The post production heat treat process bowed the part and changed the angle.
  • After addition of the rib and gusset heat treat distortion in these two areas was eliminated.

Dovetail I

drg-dovetail-i

  • When a consistent closed form is needed add a dovetail
  • The adjacent part made of cold rolled steel needed the 2” diameter held to a tolerance of +-.005.
  • Do to the variation in the material we chose to accomplish this using a dovetail instead of a straight seam.

Trim I

blank-trim

  • Material is .024 Thk ½ hard stainless
  • .110 wide trim off the top and bottom of the part induced a .150 bow in the blank before it was formed.
  • In tempered material when long narrow trims are taken off the top and the bottom of the blank, the blank will tend to bow.
  • The bow is impossible to remove in the tooling.
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Design Tips Category

  • Blank Considerations
  • Design
  • Dovetails, Ribs & Gussetts
  • Fourslide
  • General Part Design
  • Material

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